The Latarjet procedure is a specialized surgical technique used to treat recurrent anterior shoulder instability, especially when there is significant bone loss from the glenoid (shoulder socket). It’s most often recommended for patients who experience repeated shoulder dislocations and have not responded well to previous treatments like arthroscopic repairs. The Latarjet is usually performed as an open surgery, though arthroscopic techniques are increasingly used in some centers. It is highly effective for patients with glenoid bone loss, previous surgical failure, or high-demand athletes who require strong and stable shoulder function. Recovery involves immobilization followed by progressive physical therapy, with most patients regaining stable shoulder function and returning to activities within a few months. The Latarjet procedure has become a widely accepted and reliable option for long-term shoulder stability in complex cases

What is the Latarjet Procedure?

The shoulder’s ball and socket structure provides the largest range of motion of any joint in the human body. The humeral head (ball) and the glenoid (socket) allow for extreme mobility, enabling movements like throwing, serving in tennis, and overhead lifting. However, this mobility increases the risk of shoulder instability, dislocations, and subluxations.

In cases where damage is too severe for arthroscopic surgery, open stabilization surgery may be recommended by Dr. Khaleel, Senior Consultant Arthroscopic Shoulder and Sports Surgeon at Kims Alshifa, Perintalmanna, Kerala, India. The Latarjet procedure is performed when a patient has:

1. Anterior glenoid bone loss: Erosion at the front of the shoulder socket.
2. Chronic shoulder instability: Unresolved by conservative treatments.
3. Irreducible dislocation: A dislocation that cannot be manually repositioned.

What Happens During the Latarjet Procedure?

The shoulder joint is stabilized by ligaments, cartilage, and soft tissue structures. Recurrent dislocations can lead to:

1. Soft tissue damage: Causing persistent instability.
2. Glenoid bone loss: Gradual erosion of the socket.
3. Hill-Sachs lesion: Bone indentation on the humeral head.

Dr. Khaleel will first reduce the joint (realign the ball and socket). X-rays and an MRI scan are used to confirm alignment and assess bone loss, determining the best stabilization method.

When Should You Consider the Latarjet Procedure?

Some shoulder injuries may be too severe for arthroscopic repair. In such cases, open stabilization surgery is the preferred method. Dr. Khaleel may recommend the Latarjet procedure if:

1. Significant bone loss: Due to repeated dislocations.
2. Failed previous repairs: Where instability persists.
3. Severe instability: When non-surgical options do not restore function.

How is the Latarjet Procedure Performed?

The Latarjet procedure takes approximately 90 minutes and is performed as open surgery. The key steps include:

1. An incision is made at the front of the shoulder.
2. The coracoid bone (front of the shoulder) is removed and repositioned to the glenoid socket.
3. The transferred bone is secured with screws, reinforcing joint stability.
4. This deepens the socket, reducing the risk of future dislocations.

Benefits of the Latarjet Procedure

1. Stability: Restores shoulder stability, preventing future dislocations.
2. Strength: Reinforces the shoulder with a bone graft and tendon repositioning.
3. Improved Function: Restores range of motion and reduces pain.
4. Long-Term Success: Particularly beneficial for athletes and active individuals with chronic instability.

Dr. Khaleel specializes in shoulder stabilization procedures, including the Latarjet procedure, ensuring personalized treatment plans for each patient. This advanced technique provides long-term shoulder stability, enabling patients to regain confidence in their movements and return to daily activities and sports.